This organization has had a long-standing dispute with the Greek Ministry of Culture, after the latter's attempts to evict the association from the excavation site in the Petralona Cave, which was conceded to them after a 1981 contract.

[1] From the 1970s, Poulianos investigated early hominid remains found in a cave near Petralona, Greece, and became known for controversial claims over their age.

[2] Poulianos would ultimately study the remains, name the hominid Archanthropus europeaus petraloniensis, and estimate its age to be around 700,000 years old.

Poulianos states that the age of the overall layer is approximately 670,000 years old, based on electron spin resonance measurements.

Some authors, on the other hand, believe that the Petralona cranium is derived from a unique class of hominids different from Homo erectus.

The consensus among paleoanthropologists today is that the cranium belongs to an archaic hominid distinguished from Homo erectus, and from both the classic Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans (Day 1986: 95; Stringer, Howell, and Melenitis 1979).

200-400 kyr (Day 1986: 94 Hennig et al. 1981, 1982; Wintle and Jacobs 1982), and it is thus possible that the Petralona hominid represents the lineage responsible for the Thessalian Lower Paleolithic sites.