Arkady Girshevich Aronov (Russian: Аркадий Гиршевич Аронов, Hebrew: ארקדי ארונוב; July 26, 1939 in Leningrad, Soviet Union – November 13, 1994 in Rehovot, Israel) was a Russian and Israeli theoretical condensed matter physicist, notable for his achievements in physics of semiconductors and in mesoscopic physics.

In the 1990s, he visited University of Karlsruhe for extended periods of time, and he also became an Associate Member of the scientific staff of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste.

Together with Boris Altshuler, a graduate student under his supervision, Aronov developed theory of electron-electron interaction in disordered conductors.

[6] In collaboration with Altshuler and Patrick A. Lee he applied this theory to explain the experimentally observed phenomenon of zero-bias anomaly - suppression of density of states by interactions at the Fermi surface.

These advances were summarized by Altshuler and Aronov in a review article "Electron-Electron interaction in disordered conductors",[10] which became a reference material in the field and by 2009 was cited over 1000 times.