Aroj Ali Matubbar (Bengali: আরজ আলী মাতুব্বর; 17 December 1900 – 15 March 1985) was a Bangladeshi self-taught philosopher, humanist, and rationalist.

[1] Matubbar was born in the village of Charbaria Lamchari, about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from the city of Barisal in British India, now Bangladesh,[1] to a poor peasant family.

His works challenged many established norms and religious dogmas, particularly within the context of Islam, the predominant religion in Bangladesh.

His work mainly questioned religious practices, rituals, and superstitions and advocated for a more rational and scientific approach to understanding the world.

Throughout his life, he experienced harassment and threats due to his writings, many of which critically engaged with religious tenets and claims.

After his death in 1985, Aroj Ali Matubbar came to be regarded as one of the most prolific thinkers that rural Bangladesh ever produced, and an iconoclast who was not afraid of speaking out against entrenched beliefs and superstitions.

[3] Matubbar drew the cover of his first book, written in 1952 and published twenty-one years later, in 1973, under the title Satyer Sandhan.

The general public began to take an interest in his books, which, although not validated by formal education, raised a number of new philosophical questions.

Matubbar inspired numerous articles, reviews, novels and stage dramas based on his life and his writings.