Arthur Cole, 1st Baron Ranelagh (c.1669 – 5 October 1754), known as Sir Arthur Cole, Bt, between c. 1691 and 1715, was an Irish politician.
Cole was the eldest son of Sir John Cole, 1st Baronet, by Elizabeth Chichester, daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel John Chichester and the Hon.
He succeeded his father in the baronetcy around 1691 and was returned to the Irish House of Commons for Enniskillen in 1692, a seat he held until 1695.
From 1695 to 1703 he represented Roscommon in the Irish Parliament.
He died in October 1754 when the baronetcy and barony became extinct.