Arthur Earland FRSE FRMS (3 November 1866 – 27 March 1958) was a British oceanographer and microscopist.
He was skilled in the identification of microscopic shells in a manner indicative of likely oil-bearing capacity.
In 1885 he joined the Civil Service working in the British Post Office on procedures.
He is remembered however for his important microscope studies, partly undertaken with Edward Heron-Allen.
[1] He was one of the several researchers working on the vast materials brought back from the Challenger expedition.