Arthur Ramos de Araujo Pereira (July 7, 1903 - October 31, 1949) was a psychiatrist, professor, and psychologist[1] who was a critical voice in the adoption of psychoanalysis in Brazil.
[2] Through this collaboration, he had the opportunity to visit and stay in the United States of America, where he toured the country speaking about race in Brazil and racial equality.
[1] During his last three months, he served as the head of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)'s Department of Social Sciences.
Rodrigues argued that Black and mixed-race people were prone to mental illness, criminality, and violence not because of their heritability but instead by genetic atavism.
[3] At the time, the majority of the medical schools in Bahia adopted the ideas of Rodrigues, specifically that Black and mixed-race people were predisposed to crime and insanity.