Asprenas Calpurnius Serranus (died AD 41) was a Roman senator who was active in the first century.
He was appointed ordinary consul in 38 as the colleague of Marcus Aquila Julianus.
On the morning that the emperor Caligula was assassinated, while offering a sacrifice Serranus had gotten some blood on his garments.
Later that day, when Caligula had been murdered, the emperor's German bodyguards sought his assassin with their swords drawn.
The first person they encountered was Serranus, and assuming the blood on his clothes was human, summarily slew him.