The ASM/CFO/CPO also oversees Department-wide management programs including human resources, information and technology management, financial management and accounting, strategic planning, performance budgeting/metrics, acquisition/procurement, training, human capital and workforce management, equal employment opportunity (EEO), environmental health and safety, emergency preparedness, small business programs, and administrative services for Treasury's headquarters, the Departmental Offices.

Historically, the Assistant Secretary for Management is also appointed by the President as the CFO, creating the position of ASM/CFO.

As a senior management official in the Department, the ASM/CFO has an active role in the oversight of the bureaus.

This role is enhanced due to the ASM/CFO’s responsibilities for the Department’s budget, as well as Department-wide policy.

The Office of the ASM/CFO also played a key transition role following the passage of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, when several Treasury bureaus transferred to the Department of Homeland Security and the Justice Department.