Athenodorus Cananites (Greek: Ἀθηνόδωρος Κανανίτης, Athenodoros Kananites; c. 74 BC – 7 AD) was a Stoic philosopher.

[1] He was a student of Posidonius of Rhodes, and the teacher of Octavian (the future Caesar Augustus) at Apollonia.

He is reputed there to have openly rebuked the Emperor, and to have instructed him to recite the alphabet before reacting in anger.

Later, Athenodorus returned to Tarsus, where he was instrumental in expelling the government of Boëthus and drafting a new constitution for the city, the result of which was a pro-Roman oligarchy.

[3] Following his death, the people of Tarsus held an annual festival and sacrifice in his honour.