The men's 100 metres competition at the 1906 Intercalated Games was held at the Panathenaic Stadium in Athens, Greece from 25 to 27 April.

[1] The first round of the competition saw several false starts and disqualifications, partly due to the athletes lack of familiarity with the local starter's orders, which were called in Greek.

[2] Four of the six finalists were Americans and two of them took first and second place – Archie Hahn and Fay Moulton.

[1][3] These were the standing world and Olympic records (in seconds) prior to the 1906 Intercalated Games.

In heats eight and ten, the second-placed athletes Vincent Duncker and Meyer Prinstein, did not compete in the semi-final.