Atom localization

[2] The techniques have matured enough to offer atom localization along all three spatial dimensions in the subwavelength domain.

This seemingly surpasses the Rayleigh limit of resolution and opens up possibilities of super-resolution for a variety of fields.

It can be mathematically shown that the spatial resolution can be enhanced to any amount without violating Heisenberg's Uncertainty relation.

Localization of an atom in a transverse direction from its direction of motion can be easily achieved using techniques such as quantum interference effects, coherent population trapping,[5] via modification of atomic spectra such as through Autler-Towns Spectroscopy, resonance fluorescence, Ramsey interferometry, and via the monitoring of probe susceptibility through electromagnetically induced transparency, when the atom is interacting with at least one spatially-dependent standing wave field.

Techniques of atom localization are also important to the subwavelength microscopy[9] and imaging and determination of the center-of-mass wavefunction of atom-like entities.