Their traditional lands are near Mount Shasta, specifically the Pit River drainage on Burney, Hat, and Dixie Valley or Horse Creeks.

These bad feelings arose in part from particular Atsuge trespassing upon Illmawi territory while traveling through to collect obsidian from the nearby Glass Mountain.

[5] In general however the Achomawi-speaking peoples were the principal trading destination for most Atsugewi manufactured goods and foodstuffs.

[4] Contact between the Achomawi and Atsugewi speakers with the Klamath and Modoc to the north was largely undocumented.

Despite this, Garth found it probable that there were extensive interactions between the cultures prior to the adoption of horses by the Northerners.

[8] Captured people would be sold into slavery at an intertribal slave market at The Dalles in present-day Oregon.

As fairly peaceable relations developed with Paiute groups by 1870, these yew bows became a common trade item.

[4] The Tolowa, Shasta, Yurok, Klamath, Atsugewi and groups of Western Mono and Paiute were among those known to have adopted buckskin clothing from the distant Plains Indians.