The Australian Olympic Committee sent a total of 470 athletes (268 men and 202 women) to the Games to compete in 29 sports.

Australia advanced into the final game after defeating a Japanese team made up of professional players in Semifinal 1–0.

[4] Head coach: Barry Dancer The following is the Australian roster in the women's field hockey tournament of the 2004 Summer Olympics.

[5] Head coach: David Bell The following is the Australian squad in the men's football tournament of the 2004 Summer Olympics.

[8] Based on the results from the 2003 Asian/Oceanian Championships, 1996 Olympic champion Alexander Parygin and Eszter Hortobagyi have qualified for modern pentathlon events in Athens.

Australian men's team qualified after finishing second at the FIVB World Olympic Qualification Tournament in Tokyo.

[11] Head coach: Jon Uriarte The following is the Australian roster in the men's water polo tournament of the 2004 Summer Olympics.