Following significant alterations to its layout during renovation works, which occurred between 2018 and 2021, the avenue is separated into a dedicated bidirectional two-lane tramway on its eastern-side, followed by a two-lane one-way arterial road for motor vehicle traffic heading south towards Luxembourg station, and a bidirectional dedicated cycle-path on its western-side.
Prior to the works, which formed part of Luxembourg City's efforts to reintroduce tram transport, the avenue was a four-lane arterial road for motor vehicles with a one way designation for all traffic, excepting public buses.
At its north end, the Avenue de la Liberté meets the Adolphe Bridge, which acts as a route for tram, motor vehicle, pedestrian, and bicycle traffic over the Pétrusse valley to join the Boulevard Royal in the city centre, Ville Haute.
One-quarter of the way down the road, it runs along the eastern side of the Place des Martyrs, opposite which was the headquarters of ArcelorMittal, the world's largest steel-manufacturer.
At its south, the street reaches the city's central station, where it becomes Place de la Gare, part of the N3 road.