The multimodal plan, with an original estimated cost of RM27 billion, includes the introduction of urban rail lines and the construction of additional expressways to address the growing population density in Penang.
[1][2] As of 2025[update], some elements of the master plan are being implemented, including the Mutiara LRT and the Ayer Itam–Tun Dr Lim Chong Eu Expressway Bypass.
[8] In 1981, the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) conducted a study aimed at enhancing transportation infrastructure in Penang, recommending the conversion of major roads into exclusive bus lanes, and the development of a rail system linking downtown George Town with Bayan Lepas and Ayer Itam.
[1] Halcrow presented its findings in the following year, which included strategies for public transport, highway development, an accessibility report and recommendations for institutional reforms.
[1][2] Lim also announced the appointment of SRS Consortium, comprising Gamuda Berhad, Penang-based Loh Phoy Yen Holdings and Ideal Property Development, as the Project Delivery Partner (PDP) for the PTMP.
[14] The consortium secured the contract in a request for proposal exercise, overcoming five other contenders – namely IJM Corporation, Prasarana Malaysia, Singapore-based CGC Group and two Hong Kong-based investors.
[34] A 13 km (8.1 mi) monorail line has been proposed to link Komtar with the western suburbs of George Town, namely Ayer Itam and Paya Terubong.
[36] The PTMP includes a proposal to revive George Town's tram service, specifically within the city's UNESCO World Heritage Site.
[2] In exchange for these projects, CZC received exclusive development rights for 44.5 ha (110 acres) of land at Gurney Bay, which eliminated the need for toll charges to finance construction.
Critics argued that the original Halcrow proposal prioritised public transport infrastructure over highway development and concerns have been raised regarding the environmental impact of the Silicon Island reclamation project.
[50] Despite the LRT line receiving almost 98% public support, dissent against both the PTMP and the land reclamation persisted, with the interest groups aligning themselves with right-wing opposition Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) to pressure the state government to abandon the projects.
[51][52][53] Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow has asserted that due process was followed in obtaining approvals from the Malaysian federal government for the Mutiara LRT, including engagements with local stakeholders, and suggested the detractors to "look at the bigger picture".
[56][57] Among others, the elected assemblyman for Pulau Tikus Joshua Woo Sze Zeng questioned the motives of the special interest groups and PAS in opposing the PTMP, and noted that the opponents were unable to propose viable alternative financing for public transportation schemes in the state.