[citation needed] To fix nitrogen A. chroococcum produces three enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) to "neutralise" reactive oxygen species.

It also forms the dark-brown, water-soluble pigment melanin at high levels of metabolism during the fixation of nitrogen, which is thought to protect the nitrogenase system from oxygen.

[6] In addition to these biomolecules, this bacterium has been found to be able to produce "siderophores, ammonia, and ACC deaminase", as well as indoleacetic acid, which all are known to assist with the growth of crops.

A. chroococcum is able to survive and improve the growth of crops in soils polluted with heavy metals when seeds are inoculated with the bacterium prior to planting.

[4] A. chroococcum not only produced growth-positive biomolecules and increased the number and quality of maize kernels, but also reduced the production of "proline, antioxidant enzymes, and MDA" in the plants, all which indicate of the presence of heavy metals in the soil.