Generally, though, the curriculum is built around a core of theory, to which is added courses in the various branches, and areas of application; [6] see next section.
Typically, [6] [45] [46] [47] the core-degree comprises microeconomics, macroeconomics and econometrics; while mathematical economics is sometimes required.
[14][48] Micro- and macroeconomics are taught through the "intermediate" level, preparing the student for the "advanced" postgraduate courses.
Macroeconomics extends to a discussion of the more advanced models of the economy, differences here between schools, and the related policy analysis; microeconomics extends to general equilibrium, to an analytic approach to demand with curves derived from utility functions, and to game theory as applied to competition, and hence supply.
In the US, these students will often also study selected math-courses in multivariable calculus, differential equations, linear algebra, optimization, and sometimes analysis.
Common to all business programs are introductory or business statistics, and "quantitative techniques", comprising basic calculus, interest calculations, and sometimes matrix operations; the social science programs sometimes include these, and may also require credits in sociology and psychology.
Some knowledge of accountancy or management may be assumed in the "applied courses"; credits in these are usually inherent in the business degree.