[1] Since ancient times, humans have used hot springs, public baths and thermal medicine for therapeutic effects.

[6] Balneotherapy should be discussed in advance with a physician before beginning treatment since several conditions, like heart disease and pregnancy, can result in a serious adverse effect.

[8][7] A 2009 review of all published clinical evidence concluded that existing research is not sufficiently strong to draw firm conclusions about the efficacy of balneotherapy.

[9] "Balneophototherapy" combines salt bathing (balneotherapy) and exposure to ultraviolet B-light (UVB) as a potential treatment for severe, chronic plaque psoriasis.

[10] A 2018 systematic review concluded that "balneotherapy and spa therapy may be considered useful interventions for managing stress conditions".