Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motor Development

Before World War II, all engine-design work was transferred to mass-production motor-building plants and their own design bureaus.

After the war, CIAM was engaged with reactive (jet) engines for airplanes, successors to the first-generation turbojets.

In the 1970s, the institute began work on a ramjet engine using the special hypersonic "flying laboratory" GLL Holod.

This experiment used a liquid hydrogen, actively cooled dual-mode ramjet, which was based on a hydrogen-fueled axisymmetrical engine placed on a Russian SA5 missile during the flight.

With the loss of government support and a lack of state aviation strategy, CIAM stayed afloat with contracts with China, French corporations, ABB and by offering logistical services.