The Barga (Mongol: Барга; simplified Chinese: 巴尔虎部; traditional Chinese: 巴爾虎部; pinyin: Bā'ěrhǔ Bù) are a subgroup of the Buryats which gave its name to the Baikal region – "Bargujin-Tukum" (Bargujin Tökhöm) – "the land's end", according to the conception of Mongol peoples in the 13th and 14th centuries.

Manlaibaatar Damdinsüren and Khorloogiin Choibalsan were famous military commanders from Barga in the early 20th century.

The main body of Khori-Barga moved to the area between Ergune river and the Greater Khingan Range where they became subject to the Daurs and Solon Ewenkis.

A large body of Barga Khoris fled back east to the Onon river in 1594.

After the Treaty of Nerchinsk, Qing dynasty decided to increase the defensive line of Hulunbuir against Russian influence.

In 1840, some Barga soldiers (numbers unknown) joined First Opium War, and some of them returned home in 1841.

In other occasions, 750~50 Barga soldiers were selected to support Qing dynasty campaigns for around 20 times.

Derenko et al. (2012) tested blood samples of 149 unrelated Barghuts collected in different localities of Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia, China.

Their haplogroup C4 mtDNA is somewhat less diverse, with half belonging to the C4a1a subclade (TMRCA 11,330 [95% CI 6,090 <-> 16,720] ybp;[3] 12/149 = 8.1% C4a1a, including 6/149 C4a1a1, 3/149 C4a1a2, 1/149 C4a1a, 1/149 C4a1a1a2, and 1/149 C4a1a2a2).

Among the rarer mtDNA haplogroups of East Eurasian origin, B4c1a2 (TMRCA 7,000 [95% CI 3,120 <-> 10,960] ybp;[4] 5/149 = 3.4% B4c1a2) stands out for its being relatively common among the sampled Barghuts.

[5] In 1907, there were over 1,764,457 domestic animals raised by Barga, including 170,172 horses, 124,398 cattle, 9,011 camels, 1,407,586 sheep and 53,290 goats.