Baruch Arensburg (Hebrew: ברוך ארנסבורג; born 1934), professor of Anatomy, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University (emeritus), is a physical anthropologist[1] whose main field of study has been prehistoric and historic populations of the Levant.
He studied at the Sorbonne University, Paris, Physical Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy.
He was the first to study the demographic sequence of populations in the Land of Israel, starting with the Palaeolithic through the Biblical, Classical, Roman, Byzantine periods to the present (PhD topic, Anatomy and Anthropology at Tel Aviv University, 1974).
Concurrently he has been conducting on-going research of historic and recent Beduin populations.
He also was a team member of the Kebara Cave Middle Palaeolithic project and was among those who studied and published the Mousterian (c. 60,000 years old) skeleton recovered on site– his own research concentrating on the speech abilities of that individual, proving that his hyoid bone is identical to that of modern humans.