The army was a popular uprising, rather than a professional force, but the Armenian nobility who led it and their respective retinues were accomplished soldiers, many of them veterans of the Sassanid dynasty's wars with Rome and the nomads of Central Asia.

The Armenians were allowed to maintain a core of their national army led by a supreme commander (sparapet) who was traditionally of the Mamikonian noble family.

The Armenian cavalry was, at the time, practically an elite force greatly appreciated as a tactical ally by both Persia and Byzantium.

[citation needed] Armenian resistance continued in the decades following the battle, led by Vardan's successor and nephew, Vahan Mamikonian.

In 484, Sahag Bedros I signed the Nvarsak Treaty, which guaranteed religious freedom to the Christian Armenians[15] and granted a general amnesty with permission to construct new churches.