[7] The outer fortress of Chanderi was taken by Babur's army at night, and the next morning the upper fort was captured.

Babur expressed surprise that the upper fort had fallen within an hour of the final assault.

[4] Medini Rai organized the Jauhar ceremony during which Rajput women and children committed self-immolation to save their honour from the Mughals.

[4] Rather, as he had done after Khanwa, he ordered a tower of skulls—a practice formulated by Timur against opponent—to be erected in an act of barbarism.

[5] The practice of constructing a tower of skulls was to record a monumental victory and also to terrorize opponents, according to Chandra.