[2] On 5 August 1907, France bombarded and occupied Casablanca after the death of Europeans in a riot incited by the implementation of measures of the Treaty of Algeciras.

[3][4] In September, Abd al-Aziz arrived at Rabat from the capital, Fes, and endeavored to secure the support of the European powers against his brother.

From France he accepted the grand cordon of the Legion of Honour, and was later enabled to negotiate a loan.

This was seen as leaning to Christian support and aroused further opposition to his rule, and in January 1908 he was declared deposed by the ulama of Fes, who offered the throne to Abd al-Hafid.

[2] 31°37′48″N 8°0′32″W / 31.63000°N 8.00889°W / 31.63000; -8.00889After months of inactivity Abd al-Aziz made an effort to restore his authority, and quitting Rabat in July he marched on Marrakesh.