The battle took place on November 29, 1815 on a plain west of Cochabamba, and resulted in the loss of Upper Peru for Buenos Aires.

At the time of the third campaign in Upper Peru (the first two had been beaten off), General Carlos María de Alvear was named by Supreme Director Ignacio Álvarez Thomas to replace Rondeau.

General Martín Miguel de Güemes withdrew the support of his Gauchos and retired to Salta, taking with him the part of the army that was in Jujuy.

After a successful battle in April at Puesto del Marquéz, near today's border between Bolivia and Argentina, Rondeau's army reached Potosí by June and Chayanta by September.

With this defeat, the region of Upper Peru was finally lost to the United Provinces, and Spanish control was reestablished.