The area of the district is 950 square kilometers (370 sq mi).

[2] Its administrative center is the rural locality (a sloboda) of Belaya.

[3] On 11 August 2024, Russian authorities ordered the evacuation of civilians in Belovsky District as a result of a major Ukrainian incursion during the Russo-Ukrainian War.

The terrain is a hilly plain averaging 200 meters (660 ft) above sea level; the district lies on the Orel-Kursk plateau of the Central Russian Upland.

The Psel is typically frozen from December to early March.