[2] The post was a trading center, one of the locations to which the Zappo Zaps brought their ivory and rubber.

[3] Early in the 1900s a residence of the Catholic Prefecture Apostolic of Upper Kassai was established at Bena Makima.

[4] The Presbyterian missionaries led by William Morrison had asked to be allowed to establish a mission there, but were refused.

The missionaries ran the plantation using bonded Luba laborers, former slaves from eastern and central Kasai who had recently been liberated.

[2] The Europeans managed to drive off the attackers with the help of their foreign workers, and were relieved on 9 November by soldiers of the Force Publique led by De Cock and Hubin, who arrived from the east.