The Berlin Papyrus 6619, simply called the Berlin Papyrus when the context makes it clear,[1] is one of the primary sources of ancient Egyptian mathematics.

[2] One of the two mathematics problems on the Papyrus may suggest that the ancient Egyptians knew the Pythagorean theorem.

[4] The two readable fragments were published by Hans Schack-Schackenburg in 1900 and 1902.

[5][6] The Berlin Papyrus contains two problems, the first stated as "the area of a square of 100 is equal to that of two smaller squares.

"[7] The interest in the question may suggest some knowledge of the Pythagorean theorem, though the papyrus only shows a straightforward solution to a single second degree equation in one unknown.