In 1867 he earned his doctorate in physical sciences at Paris, followed by work as an instructor of chemistry at the college in Cluny (1867–72).
Later on, he was associated with the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris, serving as a préparateur (1872–76) and an assistant naturalist (1876–1904).
He conducted studies of fossil flora in the vicinity of his hometown of Autun, an area abundant in silicified remains of plants dating from Permo-Carboniferous times.
His work caught the attention of Adolphe Brongniart, who subsequently offered him a position at the natural history museum in Paris.
In 1886, he was a founding member and first president of the Société d'histoire naturelle et des amis du muséum d'Autun.