The exact borders of the Beylik constantly fluctuated thanks to conflicts with Saharan tribes, and Morocco.

After returning from Mostaganem in 1563, after a failed campaign to reconquer Oran and Mers el-Kébir, Hassan Pacha decided to leave a local governorate capable of reinforcing the authority of Algiers, and to fight against the Spanish.

In 1700, Mustapha Bouchlaghem, an Arabized Berber born in the vicinity of the city,[5] transferred the capital to Mascara, because it was in a more central position.

He recaptured Oran and Mers-el-kébir in 1792, which is the origin of the « el Kebir »[1] part of his name (which also means the great) and in the same year the Rif in Morocco were conquered which will be given back to the Alaouites dynasty after an agreement between the Algerian Bey Muhammad al Kabir and the Moroccan Sultan Sulayman in 1798.

The province was met with new difficulties, mainly revolts instigated by marabouts and the religious brotherhoods of Tidjaniya and Derkawa.

He was replaced by Bey Kheireddine who was sent from Tunis by the French administration but soon after he went back to Tunisia, forced due to the small population of Oran before due to multiples wars with Spain most the inhabitants fled in the tribes or others cities of south or others areas in the region or joined Emir Abdelkader who had a legitimacy and influence much stronger than the Tunisian statesman who probably saw no interests in staying in the difficult situation of French forces limited to the city of Oran and harassed by the resistance of tribes which resulted in the creation of a new Algerian state completely made by the local Algerian people centralized firstly in western Algeria in the city of Mascara and later Tagdemt close to Tiaret for later making a mobile head quarter and nomadic capital called the Smalah, the Emirate of Algeria succeeded the Regency of Algeria which included 2 others political entities integrated as viceroyalty governed by Beys the Beylik of the West and of Titteri annexed by Emir Abdelkader until Setif and Biskra, The eastern Beylik of Constantine were still existing this time independently from Algiers and the Ottoman Empire until France conquer its capital in 1837 but Ahmed Bey got refuge amongst the Chaouis tribes of the Aures mountains until 1848.