Its source is in the comune of Bojano and during the first few kilometres of its course, it receives the waters of numerous streams which flow from the Matese mountains.

It runs through several comuni in the province of Campobasso, forming the Lake of Guardialfiera and finally flows into the Adriatic Sea.

Italian wine, both red, white and rose, under the Biferno DOC appellation comes from this area.

Red and rose wines are blends of 60–70% Montepulciano, 15–20% Trebbiano, 15–20% Aglianico and other local grape varieties up to 5%.

The white grapes are limited to a harvest yield of 12 tonnes/ha and must attain a minimum 10.5% alcohol content.