The black-thighed grosbeak (Pheucticus tibialis) is a large seed-eating bird in the family Cardinalidae, which is endemic to the mountains of Costa Rica and western Panama.

The nest is a thin cup constructed on a bulky twig base 1–3 m (3.3–9.8 ft) up in a small tree or amongst vines.

The adult black-thighed grosbeak is 20 cm (7.9 in) long, weighs 70 g (2.5 oz), and has a massive grey bill.

The black-thighed grosbeak forages in shrubs or trees for insects, seeds and berries.

The call is a sharp pink, and the song is a musical stream of warbles, whistles, trills and slurs.