It is endemic to a small region of the Blanco River near San Marcos in Hays County, Texas.

Its habitat, deep in limestone karst, makes collecting specimens for research particularly problematic.

Four specimens were discovered in 1951 by a gravel company digging in the dry bed of the Blanco River.

Two were eaten by a heron, one was lost and the final specimen was sent to the University of Texas at Austin for research.

[3] The Blanco blind salamander has a stout body, reduced eyes, robust limbs, and a thick tail with moderate fins.