Bochner identity

In mathematics — specifically, differential geometry — the Bochner identity is an identity concerning harmonic maps between Riemannian manifolds.

The identity is named after the American mathematician Salomon Bochner.

Let M and N be Riemannian manifolds and let u : M → N be a harmonic map.

Let du denote the derivative (pushforward) of u, ∇ the gradient, Δ the Laplace–Beltrami operator, RiemN the Riemann curvature tensor on N and RicM the Ricci curvature tensor on M. Then

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