Bandel, et al (1983) divided the Boletzkyida into two, not too dissimilar families, each based on a single genus.

The main difference between Boletzkya and Naefiteuthis is the length of the phragmocone at which time the living chamber becomes gladius-like and dominates the shell.

At full maturity the narrowly expanding, keeled living chamber dominates all but the first few centimeters of shell and is reminiscent of the gladii or pens of later squid.

Naefiteuthis is similar to Boletzkya and hatched at about the same size, except that it has almost no phragmocone and the keeled gladius-like living chamber developed almost immediately.

Nothing is known directly of the boletzkyid animal but judging from its most likely michelinocerid ancestors (B.R.&S) and their obvious squid descendants that it had 10 arms.