Bolzano/Bozen railway station is situated at Piazza della Stazione / Bahnhofplatz, at the southeastern edge of the city centre and a short, 5-minute walk away.

In 1871, rail services in the area were enhanced by the inauguration of the Puster Valley Railway, which connected Bolzano directly to Maribor through Innichen and Lienz.

Train services today require three changes at Brixen, Lienz and Graz and are separately operated by Trenitalia, Südtirol Bahn, ÖBB and Slovenian Railways (SZ).

After the First World War, the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919) rewarded Italy with County of Tyrol's territory south of the Brenner Pass.

The facade on the access road to the station was reworked into two half-columns and flanked by two statues, which were crafted by the Austrian artist Franz Ehrenhöfer, to represent electricity and steam.