[1] The plateau is the northeasternmost portion of the Brazilian Highlands and is the most relevant watershed of its region.

[2] More than 100 rivers originate from the plateau, including the Moxotó, Mundaú, Pajeú, Paraíba do Norte, Seridó, and Una.

[2] The Borborema Plateau serves as an orographic barrier, despite its relatively low elevation, against the moist easterly winds of the Atlantic Ocean.

Areas west of the plateau, which make up part of the sertão, are arid and prone to drought.

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