He is co-owner (with his brother Arkady Rotenberg) of the SGM (StroyGazMontazh) group, the largest construction company for gas pipelines and electrical power supply lines in Russia.

[8][9] In 2001, he and his brother founded the SMP bank, which operates in 40 Russian cities with over 100 branches, more than half of them in the Moscow area.

[citation needed] He was involved in 20 construction projects for the Sochi Winter Olympics worth 5 billion Euro.

The largest site was the coastal highway to Adler, where the Olympic Park was constructed for the numerous sport arenas.

In July 2014, the European Union also blacklisted Boris Romanovich Rotenberg's company Giprotransmost for conducting the feasibility study of the construction of a bridge from Russia to the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Helsinki District Court resolved the lawsuit by deciding Rotenberg has no right to basic banking services because he does not permanently reside in European Economic Area.

[23] On 22 February 2022, Boris along with his nephew Igor Rotenberg had sanctions imposed on them by the United Kingdom government as a result of the Russo-Ukrainian crisis.

[28] He owned a Bombardier Challenger 300 registered M-ARRH however in 2019 it was seized by Credit Suisse and marketed for sale by Boutsen Aviation due to Rotenberg having sanctions put on him.