Botanophila fonsecai

It is classified as an endangered species by the IUCN Red List due to its small habitat range and constant threats to these limited environments.

[2][3] The species was initially described in 1965 during a survey of Dornoch Firth, with the type specimen caught by d'Assis-Fonseca in 1971.

On the more consolidated back part of the dunes there is a richer flora which includes devil's bit scabious (Succisa pratensis) as well as ragwort.

[1] A 2013 survey commissioned by Scottish Natural Heritage found some specimens of the fly, and a potential association of the larvae with ragwort or sow thistle.

Threats to the fly include trampling of habitat from people on the dunes, as well as a potential golf course at Coul Links.