[3] Diplomatic relations were established in 1826, under the Peruvian government of Simón Bolívar, with the sending of José Domingos Cáceres as the first chargé d'affaires to Rio de Janeiro.

In 1829, Duarte da Ponte Ribeiro was designated as the first chargé d'affaires of the Empire of Brazil and sent to Lima.

In 1841, the first two bilateral treaties were negotiated in the Peruvian capital by Duarte da Ponte Ribeiro: peace, friendship, trade and navigation and limits and extradition.

In 1867, Brazil broke off diplomatic relations with Peru, due to Peruvian support for Paraguay, in the War of the Triple Alliance.

[1] In 1998, Itamaraty Palace served as the location of the signing of the Brasilia Presidential Act, which settled the Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute.