Peru and Russia first established relations under Peruvian President Miguel de San Román, who reached out to Tsar Alexander II through a letter with the intention of beginning a process of establishing relations between the two countries.

[3] Following a period of surveillance by the KGB,[4] the Soviet Union established diplomatic relations with Peru on February 1, 1969.

This event as well as the general trans-continental assistance was critical in improving relations between both countries, with the embassy of Peru in Moscow celebrating on July 18 the Day of Russo-Peruvian Solidarity.

[5] The Peruvian Armed Forces use Russian equipment such as Kalashnikov rifles and MiG-29 jet fighters.

On November 13, 2010, Peru and Russia signed a visa suppression agreement which came into effect on June 21, 2011.