Braslaw or Braslav (Belarusian: Браслаў, romanized: Braslaŭ;[a] Russian: Браслав; Lithuanian: Breslauja; Polish: Brasław) is a town in Vitebsk Region, Belarus.

[1] The town was first mentioned in 1065 as a castle in the border of the Principality of Polotsk with the Lithuanian tribes.

In 1500, Alexander Jagiellon privileged the townsfolk with limited self-administration rights and a coat of arms.

In 1506, the castle was presented to the widowed queen Yelena Ivanovna, the daughter of Ivan III of Russia and wife of Alexander Jagiellon, who founded an Orthodox Christian nunnery there.

The town was much developed thanks to its praepostor Lew Sapieha and the king Stanisław August Poniatowski.

[2] Around 3,000 Jews lived in Braslaw at the eve of World War II, more than the half of the inhabitants.