Bror Emil Hildebrand (22 February 1806 in Madesjö – 30 August 1884) was a Swedish archaeologist, numismatist and museum director.

From 1837 to 1879 he was Custodian of Ancient Monuments and Secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters.

This led to Hildebrand's introduction of Thomsen's famous three-age system in Sweden.

His main scholarly legacy lies within the field of Medieval Anglo-Saxon numismatics, where he produced pioneering catalogues and studies.

Much of this work was indirectly due to agricultural reforms in Sweden that led to Viking Period silver coin hoards surfacing at a rate never seen before or after Hildebrand's day; the 1864 edition of Hildebrand's Anglo-Saxon coins in the Swedish Royal Coin Cabinet drew on the evidence of 64 Swedish hoards alongside other European finds to establish the basic chronology of the late Anglo-Saxon coinage,[4] much of which has remained valid after more than a century of subsequent research.