Bruno was the eldest son of Ernst Casimir II, 2nd Prince of Ysenburg and Büdingen and his wife Countess Thekla of Erbach-Fürstenau.

[citation needed] As a nobleman, Bruno was a member of the First Chamber of the Estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse from 1861 to 1906.

Firstly, Bruno married Princess Mathilde of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich, daughter of Ferdinand, Prince of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich and his wife Countess Caroline of Collalto und San Salvatore, on 31 July 1862 in Lich.

[citation needed] Bruno and Mathilde had two daughters before Mathilde's death on 11 September 1867:[citation needed] Bruno married secondly to Countess Bertha of Castell-Rüdenhausen, daughter of Adolf, Hereditary Count of Castell-Rüdenhausen and his wife Baroness Marie of Thüngen, on 30 September 1869 in Rüdenhausen.

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