[2] Noting the middle Byzantine (11th-12th century) architectural features present in the castle and the otherwise scarcity of archaeological evidence, D.M.

[1] Among the other theories put forward to explain their origin the popular are: In 965 (after the expulsion of the Arabs from the island), in 1091 by the rebel Rapsomates, during the rule of Eumathios Philokales (1091–1094), at the beginning of the 12th century as a countermeasure for the spread of the Crusader states.

Since the castle's defenses have been described as very strong it is believed that the defenders of Buffavento surrendered after Kantara and St. Hilarion fell into English hands.

Richard subsequently sold the island to the Knights Templar whose rule abruptly ended after a major revolt in Nicosia.

A struggle over who should act as the kingdom's regent ensued, pitting the House of Ibelin with the local supporters of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.

The main building material was dressed limestone from the island's coasts and stones taken directly from the mountain on which the castle stands.

[7] The castle's outbuildings consist of a big water cistern and a stable, which would have been rendered useless in the event of a siege.

The castle's gates were located inside a two storey rectangular tower, which encompassed a Frankish style pointed arch.

The castle's main stairway then branches to the west leading to a two storey, unvaulted Byzantine building, which is divided into three large chambers.