The Bulloo River /ˈbʊluː/ BUUL-oo is an isolated drainage system in western Queensland, central Australia.

Ranges of low hills prevent the lower reaches of the Bulloo from receiving significant tributaries.

It is usually completely dry except for water holes, but during years of strong monsoonal activity in the summer the Bulloo can flood heavily to discharges of more than 1000 m³/s, and annual flows of up to five times the mean.

In the winter maxima remain warm, ranging from 20 °C (68 °F) in the south to 25 °C (77 °F) in the north, but frosts are not unknown at night.

There is only one major protected area, Idalia National Park, in the entire basin, located in the river's headwaters.