Byrd v. United States, 584 U.S. ___ (2018), was a United States Supreme Court case that held that drivers of rental cars have rights protecting them from unconstitutional searches by police, even if the drivers are not listed on the rental agreement.

Further checks of Byrd's history revealed past criminal convictions and an arrest warrant in New Jersey.

Oral arguments in another Fourth Amendment case relating to vehicles and rights to privacy, Collins v. Virginia, were heard the same day.

In a unanimous decision favoring Byrd, Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote, "The mere fact that a driver in lawful possession or control of a rental car is not listed on the rental agreement will not defeat his or her otherwise reasonable expectation of privacy".

[5] Kennedy's decision stated that there remained two issues that the Supreme Court remanded back to the lower courts: whether Long had probable cause to search the car in the first place and whether Byrd "intentionally used a third party as a straw man in a calculated plan to mislead the rental company from the very outset, all to aid him in committing a crime.