William Henry Perrin's 1884 History of Trigg County does not explain the origin of the Spanish name of the town.

From August to October, the commission platted the town in blocks and named it as Cadiz.

[7] Rennick's Kentucky Place Names repeats the local tradition that a Spaniard in the surveying party successfully suggested his hometown.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.5 square miles (9.1 km2), all land.

32.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

Cadiz boasts one of the lowest crime rates in Kentucky.

The warmest month of the year is July, with an average high temperature of 90 °F.