Isothrix picta Pictet, 1841 Echimys pictus (Pictet, 1841) The painted tree-rat (Callistomys pictus) is a species of spiny rat from Brazil, restricted to north-eastern Bahia in eastern Brazil.

It is white with a strongly contrasting glossy-black cap, back and band down towards its forelimbs.

Specimens often have brown (rather than black) markings, but as far as it is known this is caused by fading and does not occur in the living animals.

Owing to its striking black-and-white pelage, it is virtually unmistakable, but could perhaps be confused with a hairy dwarf porcupine (Coendou spp.)

Thrichomys (punaré) Callistomys (painted tree-rat) Myocastor (nutria) Hoplomys (armored rat) Proechimys The painted tree-rat is currently listed as Endangered by the IUCN because of its fragmented distribution, its continuing decline and the quality of its habitat.