It protects a mountainous area with cerrado and caatinga vegetation that is an important source of water in a dry region.

[3] Creation of the park was based on local demand, the quality of the environment, the scenic beauty and the potential for tourism.

[3] The Caminho dos Gerais State Park was created by governor Aécio Neves by state decree on 28 March 2007 with the purpose of protecting regional fauna, flora, and the sources of rivers and streams of the region, and of supporting and reconciling scientific, educational and recreational use with preservation of the natural heritage.

[5] The environment in the region has been adversely affected by expansion of agriculture, livestock and eucalyptus plantations without concern about their impact, particularly in the areas of chapadas.

[6] It holds the sources of streams and rivers such as the Gameleiras, Engenho, Boa Vista, Brejo, Coronel, Jacú das Piranhas, Poço Triste, Boqueirão do Encantado, Pé de Serra, Riacho Seco, Espera and Capivara.